Chaim Soutine was born on January 13, 1893, in Smilavichy, Belarus. Growing up in a Jewish family, he faced the challenges of a modest upbringing. His early exposure to the vibrant colors of the local landscape and the emotional depth of his community’s traditions profoundly influenced his artistic vision. Soutine’s family encouraged his artistic pursuits, allowing him to attend the Vilna Academy of Fine Arts, where he honed his skills.
In 1913, Soutine moved to Paris, where he became part of the dynamic Montparnasse art scene. This vibrant community included notable artists such as Amedeo Modigliani and Pablo Picasso. Soutine’s work began to evolve as he absorbed the influences of Fauvism and Expressionism, leading to a distinctive style that emphasized emotional expression over realistic representation.
Soutine’s artistic style is often categorized as Expressionism, characterized by its focus on emotional experience rather than physical reality. His works convey intense feelings through distorted forms and vibrant colors, allowing viewers to connect with the underlying emotions. This approach set him apart from his contemporaries and established him as a significant figure in modern art.
In his portraits, Soutine employed a bold color palette and dynamic brushwork. His technique often involved impasto, where thick layers of paint create texture and depth. This method not only enhances the visual impact but also evokes a visceral response from the viewer, making his subjects feel alive and emotionally charged.
Completed in 1923, the Portrait of Moise Kisling was commissioned by the artist’s friend and fellow painter, Moise Kisling. Their friendship was rooted in mutual respect and admiration, which is evident in the warmth and intimacy of the portrait. This work not only showcases Soutine’s technical prowess but also reflects the deep bond between the two artists.
The portrait is a pivotal piece within Soutine’s oeuvre, representing a transition in his style. It combines his earlier expressionistic tendencies with a more refined approach to portraiture, marking a significant moment in his artistic evolution.
Soutine’s choice of colors in the Portrait of Moise Kisling is striking. The use of deep reds and earthy tones creates a sense of warmth and intimacy, while contrasting hues evoke emotional tension. This color scheme not only enhances the subject’s presence but also symbolizes the complexity of human relationships.
The application of impasto in this portrait adds a tactile quality to the work. Soutine’s vigorous brushstrokes create a sense of movement and energy, inviting viewers to engage with the painting on a sensory level. The texture contributes to the emotional depth, making Kisling’s character feel palpable.
The portrait captures Kisling’s essence, portraying him as both introspective and vibrant. Soutine’s ability to convey personality through facial expressions and posture reveals the artist’s deep understanding of his subject. The painting reflects Kisling’s artistic spirit and emotional complexity.
When compared to other portraits of Kisling, such as those by Modigliani, Soutine’s interpretation stands out for its emotional intensity. While Modigliani’s works often emphasize elegance and stylization, Soutine’s approach is raw and expressive, highlighting the inner turmoil and depth of character.
Soutine’s mastery of chiaroscuro — the use of strong contrasts between light and dark — adds dramatic depth to the Portrait of Moise Kisling. This technique enhances the three-dimensionality of the subject, drawing the viewer’s eye and creating a sense of intimacy.
The psychological impact of Soutine’s color choices cannot be overstated. Each hue serves to evoke specific emotions, allowing viewers to connect with Kisling’s character on a deeper level. The interplay of colors creates a narrative that transcends the visual, inviting personal interpretation.
Upon its unveiling, the Portrait of Moise Kisling received mixed reviews. Some critics praised Soutine’s innovative approach, while others found his style too unconventional. Over time, however, the painting gained recognition as a significant work within the Expressionist movement.
Soutine’s work, particularly the Portrait of Moise Kisling, has influenced countless artists in the realm of portraiture. His emotional depth and innovative techniques paved the way for future generations to explore the psychological aspects of their subjects, solidifying his legacy in modern art.
The Portrait of Moise Kisling is currently housed in the Musée de l"Orangerie in Paris. This prestigious museum showcases Soutine’s work alongside other notable artists, providing a rich context for understanding his contributions to art.
Over the years, the painting has been featured in several high-profile exhibitions, including the 2016 Soutine Retrospective at the Centre Pompidou. Its auction history reflects its growing value, with significant sales highlighting Soutine’s increasing prominence in the art market.
The Portrait of Moise Kisling continues to resonate with audiences due to its exploration of identity and emotion. Soutine’s ability to capture the complexity of human experience makes this work timeless and relevant in today’s art discourse.
Chaim Soutine’s legacy endures through his innovative techniques and emotional depth. His works, including the Portrait of Moise Kisling, inspire contemporary artists to explore the psychological dimensions of their subjects, ensuring that Soutine’s influence remains a vital part of the art world.
Eleanor Wright, Chief Art Historian
Eleanor has over 20 years of experience in art history research and museum curation. She previously served as a curator at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Specialization: Renaissance and Baroque Art
Still Life with Fish by Chaim Soutine, an oil painting in the Expressionism style with abstract art themes.
